The Twenty-Third Sunday in Kingdomtide
Sacrament of Holy Communion
Sunday September 7th, 2003
"Chosen or Choosy?"
Rev. John P. Wood

The Psalm: Psalm 125

The superscription is A Song of Ascents: this psalm was probably sung by pilgrims travelling up to Jerusalem. The solidity of "Mount Zion" is seen as symbolic of the certitude enjoyed by God's people of his continuing care for them.

Those who trust in the Lord are like Mount Zion, which cannot be moved, but abides forever. As the mountains surround Jerusalem, so the Lord surrounds his people, from this time on and forevermore. For the scepter of wickedness shall not rest on the land allotted to the righteous, so that the righteous might not stretch out their hands to do wrong. Do good, O Lord, to those who are good, and to those who are upright in their hearts. But those who turn aside to their own crooked ways the Lord will lead away with evildoers. Peace be upon Israel!

The Old Testament Lesson: Proverbs 22:1-2, 8-9, 22-23

The fundamental connection between each of us on this planet is that God has made us all. By this connection we are obligated to regard God with awe and each other with love.

A good name is to be chosen rather than great riches, and favor is better than silver or gold. The rich and the poor have this in common: the Lord is the maker of them all. Whoever sows injustice will reap calamity, and the rod of anger will fail. Those who are generous are blessed, for they share their bread with the poor. Do not rob the poor because they are poor, or crush the afflicted at the gate; for the Lord pleads their cause and despoils of life those who despoil them.

The Epistle Lesson: James 2:1-10, (11-13), 14-17

The author has exhorted his readers to "be doers of the word, and not merely hearers" (1:22) of the gospel. Now he expands on the responsibility of Christians to the disadvantaged.

My brothers and sisters, do you with your acts of favoritism really believe in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ? For if a person with gold rings and in fine clothes comes into your assembly, and if a poor person in dirty clothes also comes in, and if you take notice of the one wearing the fine clothes and say, "Have a seat here, please," while to the one who is poor you say, "Stand there," or, "Sit at my feet," have you not made distinctions among yourselves, and become judges with evil
thoughts? Listen, my beloved brothers and sisters. Has not God chosen the poor in the world to be rich in faith and to be heirs of the kingdom that he has promised to those who love him? But you have dishonored the poor.

Is it not the rich who oppress you? Is it not they who drag you into court? Is it not they who blaspheme the excellent name that was invoked over you? You do well if you really fulfill the royal law according to the scripture, "You shall love your neighbor as yourself." But if you show partiality, you commit sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors. For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it. For the one who said, "You shall not commit adultery," also said, "You shall not murder." Now if you do not commit adultery but if you murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. So speak and so act as those who are to be judged by the law of liberty. For judgment will be without mercy to anyone who has shown no mercy; mercy triumphs over judgment.

What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if you say you have faith but do not have works? Can faith save you? If a brother or sister is naked and lacks daily food, and one of you says to them, "Go in peace; keep warm and eat your fill," and yet you do not supply their bodily needs, what is the good of that? So faith by itself, if it has no works, is dead.


The Gospel Lesson: Mark 7:24-37

In Galilee, Jesus has challenged official Judaism over the authority of non-biblical traditions and has taught that ritual purity is irrelevant.

From there he set out and went away to the region of Tyre. He entered a ouse and did not want anyone to know he was there. Yet he could not escape notice, but a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit immediately heard about him, and she came and bowed down at his feet. Now the woman was a Gentile, of Syrophoenician origin. She begged him to cast the demon out of her daughter.

He said to her, "Let the children be fed first, for it is not fair to take the children's food and throw it to the dogs." But she answered him, "Sir, even the dogs under the table eat the children's crumbs." Then he said to her, "For saying that, you may go--the demon has left your daughter." So she went home, found the child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.

Then he returned from the region of Tyre, and went by way of Sidon towards the Sea of Galilee, in the region of the Decapolis. They brought to him a deaf man who had an impediment in his speech; and they begged him to lay his hand on him.

He took him aside in private, away from the crowd, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spat and touched his tongue. Then looking up to heaven, he sighed and said to him, "Ephphatha," that is, "Be opened." And immediately his ears were opened, his tongue was released, and he spoke plainly.

Then Jesus ordered them to tell no one; but the more he ordered them, the more zealously they proclaimed it. They were astounded beyond measure, saying, "He has done everything well; he even makes the deaf to hear and the mute to speak."

"Chosen or Choosy?"


I want to speak to you this morning on the subject of prejudice, a theme we find in all of our readings for today and a problem that has always plagued humanity. I think that most people like to believe they have witnessed prejudice but are not themselves perpetrators of it and by its very nature, that may be a difficult distinction to make.

Collier's defines a prejudice as a firmly held perception of what constitutes truth that defies any attempts toward dissuasion. Many of these perceptions are cultural, instilled almost as a rite of passage into a national heritage. They carry over even in a multicultural setting as long as an allegiance to the culture of origin can be identified. We are encouraged to be most aware of racial prejudice but recognize that the same deeply entrenched beliefs accompany our feelings about religion, gender, politics, and most aspects of the natural world.

As a Christian I am expected to have certain understandings of my place in the universe and my responsibilities to it, which as we all know are going to be radically different from person to person depending on how and where I was raised, and what alternative thinking I have been exposed to.

The Creeds were initial attempts to give some coherence to such diverse thinking as early as the Third Century, but even they reflected prejudicial attitudes as they chose between existing and popular views of truth; this one Yes, that one No. Adherence to that list became the litmus test for authenticity in the Church and for a time made management of the populace somewhat easier.

History has proven however that Irish Catholics evolved into quite a different species than their Roman counterparts, and German Lutherans would find very little in common with their Southern Baptist cousins, as would an Episcopalian raised by a Jewish father and a Presbyterian mother who agreed on the need for "ritual" in their child's life. Each would have a unique view of what it means to be a Christian.

Perhaps then it is most important who one meets if they are not a Christian, as that would definitely shape one's own prejudice as to what the faith was all about. As a young man, Gandhi studied in London, where he learned much about Christianity. He became deeply moved by Jesus' teaching in the Sermon on the Mount. In fact he found Matthew 5-7 so inspiring that he determined Christianity was the most complete religion in the world. It was only later, when he lived with a Christian family in East India, that he changed his mind. In that household he discovered that the Word rarely became flesh - talk about God and faith never developed into a passionate burning reality in that family's life.

Ghandi wrote: "It is a first class human tragedy that people of the earth who claim to believe in the message of Jesus, whom they describe as the Prince of Peace, show little of that belief in actual practice."

Would we have been a better example? I'm sure we'd like to think so. The most liberal among us would probably preface their opinions with the cautionary statement "I personally believe," as if that acknowledges at least the option of various views, but it too presupposes an understanding of self which is of necessity also undeveloped. How much do we really know about ourselves? How much do we even want to know about what constitutes the "truth" in regards to our own personhood? Therefore when I say "I believe" am I really all that aware of who this "I" even is, let alone the world outside of me?

Jesus seemed to be aware of the need for exposure to foreign ideologies. He made it a practice according to the scriptures to "get away" from what would have been areas of entrenched Judaism, and usually for some kind of renewal. Sometimes it was the wilderness and sometimes it was a territory that was predominantly Gentile. Did you know that in their prejudicial thinking the gospels regarded those two terms as synonymous? In today's gospel he has gone to "the region of Tyre."

If you took the opportunity to get away from home this summer you probably know how difficult it is to really leave home behind. It's quite common for people to see something that "reminds them of home," or to take all those same "home bound atttitudes and expectations" we have with us so that the bed, the service, and the weather should all comply to our "homey" standards.

In last week's gospel lesson Jesus was at "home" and being criticized for allowing his disciples to veer from the customary practices and expectations. Perhaps that's why he went away to this foreign place and entered a house and did not want anyone to know he was there. In this very important story, Jesus too is not totally away from home, as a victim of prejudice he shows us just how easy it is to succumb to one's own prejudicial views.

The first interaction involves multiple possibilities for contamination, and hence plenty of justification for holding back. The person seeking Jesus' help is first a Gentile, second a woman, and third a woman with a sick child who by virtue of her care-giving would carry some of her child's contamination.

To add fuel to the fire for his right to resist, Jesus has intentionally withdrawn, gone on a sabbatical, taken his day off…and has been rudely interrupted. How many of us would put on our work clothes on a long anticipated and well deserved day off to help someone we have always been taught in home, school and pulpit was the enemy and someone to be feared?

There is no justifiable way to soften the use of the term "dog." Many a preacher and commentator has tried to say that Jesus was really referring to this woman and her people as some kind of "playful pups" that just hadn't been trained yet. But "dog" was a commonly used derogatory description of all non-Jewish residents in Israel, or any portion of land that had once been Israel. They were interlopers and deserved treatment as such. It is probably fair, though prejudicial to say that many Jews in Israel today would harbor similar opinions about their Palestinian neighbors.

The comment is not unexpected; but the action which follows is quite extraordinary and it is no doubt what made people recognize the unique an undeniably holy aspects of this rabbi from Galilee. To allow compassion to overcome prejudice is miraculous indeed!

The book of Proverbs is mostly instructions given by a scholar or perhaps a father, to a student or a son. It is a collection of lessons on how to lead a moral life, with proper respect for God. It acknowledges that life involves choices; and that it is important that one be informed, trained and persuaded to make the right ones.

Sometimes that requires that one take an independent step away from what "everyone else like you, and who you want to be liked by" thinks.

Jesus then goes even further, as he always does, into another Gentile territory. This time it's Sidon in the region of the Decapolis, the Roman cities on the eastern side of the Sea of Galilee, and not only does he heal a Gentile man - but he does so by touching him - and by exchanging spittle thought to contain the very essence of one's person-hood. In other words he makes full contact with one that according to the law was unclean.

In Mark, Jesus is not a boundary guarding figure but a boundary crossing figure, and his problems come not from people who were broken or unclean or misled, but from people who were offered wholeness and health and a new Way…who then refused to follow in the steps he called them to.

All of the Gospel writers, despite the prejudicial views of their time, upheld the role of women in the life of Jesus. They gave testament to the persistence of women in his ministry. It is not surprising to us, but it was revolutionary then that it was the women who stayed at the Cross. John alone throws in the "beloved disciple" as a testament to his own belief that Jesus had chosen the "beloved disciple's" leadership over that of Simon Peter.

Sadly it was the women of that time period who were so used to pain and suffering, through childbearing and abuse and who remain so in many places throughout the world today. Yet even then it was recognized that there is something in the female psyche that demands to see a thing through, a belief that catharsis only comes if death has taken it's full toll. Perhaps it is that women hope, beyond men, that some miracle might yet occur before the end? Or that men find it easier to give up, to turn away, to get on with life, to be "realistic."

Such attitudes have always made women foreigners in patriarchal cultures. And foreigners are always the first victims of prejudice. A large part of Anti-Semitism stems, I am sure, from the fact that Jews were dispersed, strangers in other people's lands, just as Gypsies were hated for the same reasons.

God notices and knows the suffering of women, of all foreigners, and the story of Judah and Tamar says, in no uncertain terms, that racial or religious status stands as no justification or excuse for ill treating women, or indeed anyone. The women who stood looking at Jesus dying, I have no doubt were there because Jesus had, during his lifetime, particularly noticed them.

So, when Jesus touches a leper, drives out unclean spirits, goes to Gentile territory and visits at a grave site with pigs no less, is touched by a woman with a flow of blood, or lays hands on the corpse of a child, he is crossing social and religious boundaries that marginalize and exclude those who actually need help the most.

The kingdom of God that Jesus proclaims in his actions reverses the usual (politically correct) flow of things. In so doing it overcomes prejudice with compassion proving that part of being chosen is giving up being choosy.

How can we hold faith in Christ and behave in a way which discriminates against people? The answer is: quite easily! It happens all the time. This is why we need this kind of wisdom instruction to bring the obvious connections to the surface, because for many they are not obvious at all. The solution is not to set up a complex array of rules for life as a kind of check, but to learn to engage in the process of making connections, so that our behavior becomes an outcome of our faith. As such, it is neither independent nor something we tag on as "required" or part of being "good."

Discrimination of all kinds and intense pandering to the wealthy have always been a part of what is normal in the business of religion. "Dirty" takes many forms, so is it not prejudicial to think that we can overcome this humanistic flaw?

Perhaps the words of a Salvadoran woman, a political prisoner who had seen terrible atrocities repeatedly committed against her village to a Peace Corps worker from Chicago who asked "How do you still have hope in a situation like this?" would serve us well as Christ's servants in the world today.

She said "For you in your country, hope is a luxury. Here, hope is all we have and we will not let it go."

May we never lose our hope…only our blindness to truth!


Pastoral Prayer:

Not one of us is worthy to approach you, O God, Creator of the universe, holy and all-powerful. Yet you have approached us and have shown us the human face of your love in Jesus, your Son, our Savior. He revealed your love and mercy by living as he did - serving others and accepting them as people made in your image and likeness.

He pointed us towards a world in which each and every person could realize his or her identity as a precious child of yours. He even gifted us with the Holy Spirit so that the very fabric of our existence is woven with the thread of his life. May this time of worship be a true reflection of our thanksgiving, wonder and praise over such blessings.

Lord Jesus Christ, you swept away centuries of prejudice and legalism when you reached out and accepted people as they were - accepted them as loved fellow human beings. We confess that we often fail to be as inclusive as you. Forgive us if people feel excluded from our fellowship because of their appearance, their poverty, their lack of power or low self-image. Strengthen us, Lord, where we are weak, and make us strong to withstand the seduction of a society which seems obsessed with the acquisition of wealth and power.

We know in our hearts that discipleship demands an utterly new way of seeing people as you did, and being with them unconditionally, as you were, but the journey from heart to eyes and hands and feet can be long and difficult . We pray your forgiveness Lord when we fail, and as people who have received your mercy over and over, may we be as merciful and compassionate in all we say and do in your name.

Here our special pleas for all who feel the lack of power in their lives today. For those who feel alone and abandoned, whose strength is even now ebbing from their bodies, and whose vision of a better world has begun to fade. Open them and us the endless possibilities ever available to You and grant us Your peace. Amen