The Twenty-Second Sunday in Kingdomtide
Sunday August 30th, 2003
"Implants and Impostors"
Rev. John P. Wood

The Psalm: Psalm 45:1-2, 6-9

This psalm, believed to have been inspired by a royal wedding sees the King as an archetypal messiah figure and celebrates the splendor of his reign.


My heart overflows with a goodly theme; I address my verses to the king; my tongue is like the pen of a ready scribe. You are the most handsome of men; grace is poured upon your lips; therefore God has blessed you forever. Your throne, O God, endures forever and ever. Your royal scepter is a scepter of equity; you love righteousness and hate wickedness. Therefore God, your God, has anointed you with the oil of gladness beyond your companions; your robes are all fragrant with myrrh and aloes and cassia. From ivory palaces stringed instruments make you glad; daughters of kings are among your ladies of honor; at your right hand stands the queen in gold of Ophir.

The Old Testament Lesson: Song of Solomon 2:8-13

An unabashed celebration of conjugal love seen by mystics and Bible scholars in later times as symbolic of the ultimate relationship between Israel and God, the Church and Christ, and Jesus and the individual soul.

The voice of my beloved! Look, he comes, leaping upon the mountains, bounding over the hills. My beloved is like a gazelle or a young stag. Look, there he stands behind our wall, gazing in at the windows, looking through the lattice. My beloved speaks and says to me: "Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away; for now the winter is past, the rain is over and gone. The flowers appear on the earth; the time of singing has come, and the voice of the turtledove is heard in our land. The fig tree puts forth its figs, and the vines are in blossom; they give forth fragrance. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away.

The Epistle Lesson: James 1:17-27

James is such a practical Christian. His advice is designed to help people transfer head knowledge and heart knowledge into the 'how-to' of everyday life.

Every generous act of giving, with every perfect gift, is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change. In fulfillment of his own purpose he gave us birth by the word of truth, so that we would become a kind of first fruits of his creatures. You must understand this, my beloved: let everyone be quick to listen, slow to speak, slow to anger; your anger does not produce God's righteousness. Therefore rid yourselves of all sordidness and rank growth of wickedness, and welcome with meekness the implanted word that has the power to save your souls. But be doers of the word, and not merely hearers who deceive themselves. For if any are hearers of the word and not doers, they are like those who look at themselves in a mirror; for they look at themselves and, on going away, immediately forget what they were like. But those who look into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and persevere, being not hearers who forget but doers who act--they will be blessed in their doing. If any think they are religious, and do not bridle their tongues but deceive their hearts, their religion is worthless. Religion that is pure and undefiled before God, the Father, is this: to care for orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.

The Gospel Lesson: Mark 7:1-8, 14-15, 21-23

Jesus' understanding of the Law itself and of God's purpose led to a radical statement about purity. The moral righteousness everyone wanted to have (or to be seen as having) was not a matter of outward show but of inward disposition.

Now when the Pharisees and some of the scribes who had come from Jerusalem gathered around him, they noticed that some of his disciples were eating with defiled hands, that is, without washing them. (For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, do not eat unless they thoroughly wash their hands, thus observing the tradition of the elders; and they do not eat anything from the market unless they wash it; and there are also many other traditions that they observe, the washing of cups, pots, and bronze kettles.) So the Pharisees and the scribes asked him, "Why do your disciples not live according to the tradition of the elders, but eat with defiled hands?" He said to them, "Isaiah prophesied rightly about you hypocrites, as it is written, 'This people honors me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me; in vain do they worship me, teaching human precepts as doctrines.' You abandon the commandment of God and hold to human tradition." Then he called the crowd again and said to them, "Listen to me, all of you, and understand: there is nothing outside a person that by going in can defile, but the things that come out are what defile." For it is from within, from the human heart, that evil intentions come: fornication, theft, murder, adultery, avarice, wickedness, deceit, licentiousness, envy, slander, pride, folly. All these evil things come from within, and they defile a person."

"Implants and Impostors"


It's hard to believe that summer is now almost officially over and autumn is just around the corner. The first new snows have already fallen on the mountaintops out west and frost has already nipped a few gardens in the north, but despite all of those indications the outward appearance of life around here goes on pretty much unchanged. If you are an early riser you may have noticed that the morning mists are getting progressively heavier, an outward sign to mark the end of summer here, but apart from that the changes are subtle. We continue learning about Christian discipleship and the Way, almost mindless of the fact that the geese are even now preparing to fly in formation overhead, the fields are browning up and the delightful smells of fall are beginning to manifest themselves throughout the land.

Our lections also deal with subtle and not so subtle signs in the complexities of personal relationships on a wide variety of levels, portrayed in the context of intimacy, marriage, the convictions of the heart, and the very personal practices of piety and hygiene. Ultimately they are all challenging us to look beneath the surface of our outward understanding and display of emotions, to see what is happening in the depths of our being; and to examine more carefully what is really at stake when we are tempted to "give ourselves away."

Let's start with what I believe is a universally held belief: Real intimacy is something that cannot be faked! By definition it is such an inter-personal, mutual baring of the soul, which is so unlike normal day to day human interaction, that it leaves it's memory burned into the mind. We can remember a truly intimate moment as if it had just happened, it changes us forever! For most of us the number of people we can know real intimacy with is very small indeed. It takes too much out of us, because in truth real intimacy requires that we give ourselves completely. Since that is pretty much the understanding of what Christianity demands of our relationship with God, it is difficult to fathom why most of us are so uncomfortable talking about a subject like "intimacy" in a setting like church. Unfortunately, that's always been the case, since we tend to connect intimacy with sexuality and have pretty much separated the body from the spirit, we have difficulty thinking of flesh and holiness in the same breath. It was one of the reasons why the Song of Solomon was so hotly contested by many of the early church fathers when it was up for inclusion in the Old Testament canon, and it's fair to say it continues to be an embarrassment to many in churches even today.

Through its language and images of tender love the Song of Solomon has long inspired the tradition of allegorical interpretation. Jewish lore saw its meaning as a depiction of the love of God for the covenant people, while Christian re-interpretation saw the work as a depiction of the love of Christ for his church. Despite the fact that God is never mentioned once in the book the mediaeval monk Bernard of Clairvaux, wrote eighty-six sermons on divine/human interaction based on the first two chapters alone.

Perhaps for a Church that has historically been so uncomfortable talking about sexuality in anything but negative terms it is good to see the Song of Solomon included as a celebration of God's gift of sensual pleasure in the context of a Godly human relationship. The same can be said for our Psalm today which depicts a royal wedding and the clearly sensual feelings stirred in the mind of the psalmist as an observer.

Intimacy between God and humanity can exist, but is often blocked by the same fears of rejection we learned early on in our human experiences with attraction and love, and our preoccupation with notions of what constitutes romance. When God helps us remove those blocks, then we can enter into that love affair which the mystics wrote about, the celibates marry into, and many Christians find missing in their lives.

You might be surprised to learn that the letter of James was also hotly contested over for its inclusion in the canon of the New Testament and for very similar reasons. Written just prior to the Jewish Wars with Rome that brought down Jerusalem in the early 70's, it was originally intended to provide first-century Christians with instructions on godly behavior. It offered encouragement to listen carefully to and act upon only that which was heard in the heart through faith, avoiding the attitudes and ethics of their oppressors. Once again the early church fathers found the instructions too fleshy, couched in too many concerns about the body and day to day living, relying too heavily on a salvation based on works over faith. Those who have been schooled in that belief miss the point that for James all of those works or "outward manifestations" were meant to be motivated by the intimate relationship one had with the Spirit dwelling in the heart.

In a similar way Mark's gospel depicts Jesus as challenging the traditional ways through which the religious people of his day determined what was pure or impure. For Jesus, according to Mark, the observance of religious practices alone could never become a substitute for godly words or deeds that sprang from the faithful heart.

This particular incident took place in Galilee where Jews wrestled most with strong Roman and Hellenist cultural influences. Not far from Nazareth in the Galilean hills, Herod Antipas had built his capital at Sepphoris, and later at Tiberias on the Sea of Galilee. Ancient trade and military routes from Damascus to the Mediterranean passed through the heart of the area, so it was understandable that the Pharisees had reason to fear foreign threats to Jewish religious traditions.

It's easy for us to forget that Jesus was raised in what would then have been considered a very cosmopolitan milieu, and as such he was bound to have more open attitudes than the stricter Judaism that the Pharisees and their Judean followers to the south represented. The Pharisees were not the bad guys as they are sometimes portrayed, but represented a renewal movement in Judaism that would later provide an important preservation function for post-Temple days. It was their rigidity not their rules that was the problem.

Sometimes the energy it takes to be devoted to the preservation of an ideal diminishes the focus on the meaning behind it. It's not that is a bad thing to have one's personal beliefs about what is right or wrong, but when those beliefs supersede what is true there is a problem. Adherence to personal convictions over truth leads to hypocrisy.

The outward issue here would seem to concern washing one's hands. Clearly it's a good practice. It is one of those rules most parents want to instill in their children. It's something we expect from those involved in food preparation, and we like to think that it goes without saying that the same would hold true of those in the medical profession. There are laws designed to enforce this practice but they are hard to monitor. Good laws like good habits are primarily meant to help keep us safe from harm, and for the sake of good order do we not believe that such laws should be followed all the time without exception?

So what do I do then when in accordance to my understanding of the laws of good manners I reach out to shake hands with someone who has just helped me and that person hesitates and says "I'm sorry…I've been cutting bait," or "I've been working in the barn," or "My hands are full of grease." "No problem," I say and we shake on it anyway. I ignore the expectation out of a sense of true gratitude.

Clean hands may be important for hygiene but they are not a sign of worth. Over emphasis on what can happen if we make contact with the wrong type, especially with an emphasis on the power of their touch to defile can lead to genocide not purity. Such deception can begin quite innocently by taking the emphasis out of the heart and placing it in the external world of legislation where what one should do for God's sake becomes what one must do for humanity's approval.

For example, Islamic women do not make physical contact with men outside of their own families, which includes even a polite handshake. Under the most extreme forms of Islamic law a woman who breaks such a law could be put to death. While we might find that silly or extreme…after all who ever died from a handshake?…ask someone who is not happy about having their fellow worshippers break their own piece of bread off the communion loaf, let alone drink from a common cup. Sure we are smart enough to know about germs, and perhaps foolish enough not to trust God to handle that problem…but think about it…who ever died from taking communion? Could it be that the real issue in this debate is that it takes more trust not to worry about outcomes?

I know of several situations where family heirlooms were passed on to the spouse of the next generation at the time of a wedding. Supposedly the ideal behind this exchange was that it was a tradition to give these particular items away. I'm sure I don't need to tell you what happens to the recipient who doesn't ever use such gifts or display them prominently
in their own home. If the ritual giving of that gift loses it's meaning because the outcome is not what was anticipated there may be more wrong with the ritual than with the recipient.

The Pharisees believed that some laws should be a part of daily living, and Jesus was born into that controversy. It was their understanding that such outward rituals kept them distinct and set them apart for God. Was it so unreasonable to expect him to follow simple requirements, especially when it came down to basic hygiene? "Why do your disciples eat with defiled ( we would say "dirty") hands?"

The problem was that many more Jews did not follow these "pietistic practices." Their concern that Jesus would was perhaps more about having this very popular rabbi who was attracting a sizable following endorse their own party than it was about a concern for his own state of righteousness.

"Hypocrites," Jesus responds. It is not what one puts into their body that defiles (in terms of internalized expectations) but rather it is what comes out (in terms of imposed obligations on the part of others.) Twelve "evil intentions" then follow. You know the list: fornication, theft, murder, adultery, avarice, wickedness, deceit, licentiousness, envy, slander, pride, folly. "If you nurture these kinds of intentions in your heart," said Jesus, "don't worry about the outward appearance of your hands, or any other part of your personhood. It won't save you!"

Are we so far removed from them on the things that we get really legalistic about? How much harm do we inflict when our piety is designed in accordance with our determination to "have it our way"? How much energy is devoted to having our standards upheld, our traditions honored? And by the way…"Which is the greatest commandment?"

The story is told of a young rabbi who was leading his first service as chief rabbi of a long established synagogue. At the appropriate point in the service, the Cantor stood and began to sing the Shema, the traditional declaration of the Jewish faith: "Sh'ma yisroel adonai eluhanu, adonai echad." (Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God; the Lord is One.)

As the Cantor chanted, half the congregants stood up and half remained sitting. The half that was seated started yelling at those standing to sit down, and the ones standing yelled at the ones sitting to stand up. The Rabbi was taken aback! Educated as he was in the Law and commentaries, he didn't know what to do.

After the service, he talked with the Cantor, he talked with the President of the congregation, and he talked with his wife. His board of trustees suggested that he consult a house bound 98-year-old man who was one of the original founders of the temple, so the Rabbi took their suggestion, hoping the elderly man would be able to tell him what the actual temple tradition was. He went to the nursing home with a representative of each faction of the congregation.

The one whose followers stood during Shema said to the old man, "Is it not our tradition to stand during this prayer?" "No," answered the old man, "That is not our tradition."

The one who represented those who sat asked, "Then is it not our tradition to sit during Shema?" Again, the old man answered, "No, that is not our tradition."

"But sir", the young Rabbi said to the old man, "the congregants fight all the time, yelling at each other about who is right and who is wrong…."

"THAT!" interrupted the old man interrupted, "THAT is our tradition!"

Traditions are important, but we need to be clear which are God's and which belong to us. In the tradition of our faith understanding we know that Paul struggled long and hard to convince the early followers of Jesus that non-Jews could experience salvation apart from the Law, through faith. He trusted heavily in God's grace, knowing that the record of scripture consistently pointed to the fact that God did not choose perfect men and women to accomplish holy work. In the choice of patriarchs, kings, prophets and even the disciples who followed Jesus we have been given the clear account of individuals who made bad choices, caused great harm, and failed repeatedly in their understanding of God's will.

It would be a hopeless tale if we were not also reminded that this same God does not see as we see, but knows our frame and remembers that we are dust. This same God looks not on our outward appearance, for even the best are described in scripture as little more than filthy rags, but on the intentions of the heart. Washing the hands…like baptism or marriage is simply the event not the outcome…God alone knows what will come out of it, the end result…that's what matters. How we express our faith is essential!

Our gentleness, our faithfulness, our kindness grow not according to our attempts to keep some external law about how we should be faithful, kind or gentle, but rather out of the word that is implanted within our hearts and minds by God. And joy, peace and self control, things that are the marks of holiness and purity, come about not through constant striving to follow some regulations that are meant to help us be that way, but through meditating upon what it is that God has done for us - and is doing for us - and allowing God to direct our steps with all of this in mind.

"Every good and perfect gift is from above," writes James, "coming down from the Creator of the heavenly lights, who does not change like shifting shadows. God chose to give us birth through the word of truth, that we might be a kind of first fruits of all creation."

"The one who looks intently into the perfect law that gives freedom, and continues to do this, not forgetting what was heard, but doing it - will be blessed in all they do."

The way of the Spirit says that, to God, people matter most. Biblical commands never take precedence over what is compassionate and caring. We have learned this slowly - from slavery to the position of
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women, and now we are learning it slowly in areas such as gender, sexual orientation and power. It is important that we help people see how Jesus and Mark treated biblical authority, so that it becomes an instrument for health and not harm in our society. That was certainly a central issue in the ministry of Jesus and of the apostles and still is a central issue today

What "traditions" have we made sacred in this congregation? Are they part of the Word of God or self-made constructs we have forced upon those who would seek to find God here? Implanted in the heart or merely imposed on the personhood of God's children? May God help us to know.

Pastoral Prayer:

Lord God, Jesus said that he came so that we might have life and have it abundantly. We praise you and we thank you for his purpose in coming and we pray to you that we might indeed experience the fullness of the life that he has promised. Take from us all the things that get in the way of our relationship with you --- our pride and self-certainty, our doubt and our fear, and all those things that come from our human nature that blind us to the wonders of your presence and the glory of what you are doing in our midst. You know only too well how our traditions and our understandings can become instruments of judgment rather than tools of your grace. We pray today for all those who have been hurt by our thoughtless insistence that our particular way is the only way. Touch the hearts of those who have turned away from you because we have caused your light within us to grow dim,and brighten, we pray, our souls with your truth and your beauty.

We thank you for the refreshing wind of your Spirit - for how you breathe into us new life and new hope and lead us to new understandings. In you we find wholeness for both body and soul. We pray now that this wholeness may not only grow within us - but that it might enter into and transform the lives of all those we have lifted up in prayer, all those we carry in our hearts, and all those known only to you. We pray all these things, O God, in the name of Christ Jesus our Lord and our Savior, our brother and our friend. Amen