The Third Sunday of Lent
March 23rd, 2003
"Under Construction"
Rev. John P. Wood

The Psalm: Psalm 19

The psalmist celebrates the orderliness of God's creation and of the character of the One who created in the first place

The heavens are telling the glory of God; and the firmament proclaims his handiwork. Day to day pours forth speech, and night to night declares knowledge. There is no speech, nor are there words; their voice is not heard; yet their voice goes out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. In the heavens he has set a tent for the sun, which comes out like a bridegroom from his wedding canopy, and like a strong man runs its course with joy. Its rising is from the end of the heavens, and its circuit to the end of them; and nothing is hid from its heat. The law of the Lord is perfect, reviving the soul; the decrees of the Lord are sure, making wise the simple; the precepts of the Lord are right, rejoicing the heart; the commandment of the Lord is clear, enlightening the eyes; the fear of the Lord is pure, enduring forever; the ordinances of the Lord are true and righteous altogether. More to be desired are they than gold, even much fine gold; sweeter also than honey, and drippings of the honeycomb. Moreover by them is your servant warned; in keeping them there is great reward. But who can detect their errors? Clear me from hidden faults. Keep back your servant also from the insolent; do not let them have dominion over me. Then I shall be blameless, and innocent of great transgression. Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable to you, O Lord, my rock and my redeemer.

The Old Testament Lesson: Exodus 20:1-17

The covenant with Moses establishing the Law brings order to a mixed people who will now be a nation

Then God spoke all these words: I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; you shall have no other gods before me. You shall not make for yourself an idol, whether in the form of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, punishing children for the iniquity of parents, to the third and the fourth generation of those who reject me, but showing steadfast love to the thousandth generation of those who love me and keep my commandments. You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not acquit anyone who misuses his name. Remember the sabbath day, and keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work. But the seventh day is a sabbath to the Lord your God; you shall not do any work--you, your son or your daughter, your male or female slave, your livestock, or the alien resident in your towns. For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and consecrated it.

Honor your father and your mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you. You shall not murder. You shall not commit adultery. You shall not steal. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.
You shall not covet your neighbor's house; you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or male or female slave, or ox, or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.

The Epistle Lesson: 1 Corinthians 1:18-25

The cross and the crucifixion confound human logic but are further proof of the profound wisdom of God

For the message about the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. For it is written, "I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and the discernment of the discerning I will thwart." Where is the one who is wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, God decided, through the foolishness of our proclamation, to save those who believe. For Jews demand signs and Greeks desire wisdom, but we proclaim Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and foolishness to Gentiles, but to those who are the called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. For God's foolishness is wiser than human wisdom, and God's weakness is stronger than human strength.

The Gospel Lesson: John 2:13-22

Jesus fulfills an ancient prophecy in overturning the system of atonement being practiced at the Temple in Jerusalem

The Passover of the Jews was near, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. In the temple he found people selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and the money changers seated at their tables. Making a whip of cords, he drove all of them out of the temple, both the sheep and the cattle. He also poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables. He told those who were selling the doves, "Take these things out of here! Stop making my Father's house a marketplace!" His disciples remembered that it was written, "Zeal for your house will consume me." The Jews then said to him, "What sign can you show us for doing this?" Jesus answered them, "Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up." The Jews then said, "This temple has been under construction for forty-six years, and will you raise it up in three days?" But he was speaking of the temple of his body. After he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this; and they believed the scripture and the word that Jesus had spoken.

"Under Construction"


It is almost ironic that in our Gospel lesson for today we have been given a story about Jesus committing what is often perceived of as "an act of aggression" for what is later interpreted to be "for a greater good." It stands in strong contrast to the Psalm and the Old Testament lesson which present us with a very ordered concept of God, where all the rules are spelled out and all the expectations are immediately clear and unwavering. The Epistle is the subtle hinge, which explains that the wisdom of God, though unchanging, often defies human logic and understanding, as in the use of the dreaded cross as a means of salvation.

The bottom line question thus becomes: "How are we supposed to function in a world that God intended to be orderly, when life actually seems so illogical?

Again this was the issue for all the Gospel writers as they tried to explain the events of Jesus' life in a way that would make sense of previously held expectations, while at the same time offering assurance for the hope of a certain future which still seemed to be largely unseen and in the making.

John's answer is to look for "signs" and we find them dropped like clues throughout his Gospel; signs about who Jesus is and more importantly, what he means to the world. There are signs that show his glory revealed right in the prologue, signs that were visible from the beginning of the creation of the world.

By the time we get to chapter two we have new wine at a wedding, even before Jesus' time has come. This marvelous trick is meant to point out that something truly new is among us, better than anything seen before, saved till the last but abundant from the beginning, always present, always possible.

In John's gospel, in strong contrast to the other three we go next to this present incident at the temple, which Matthew, Mark, and Luke all place during the final week of Jesus' earthly life, in the days following the Palm Sunday entrance. I want you to remember that difference,--cleansing the Temple at the beginning of Jesus' public ministry for John as opposed to at the end in the other three, because it is very important that the sequence be told in this way for John to support his understanding of God's logically unfolding plan, as we will discuss later.

In the next chapter John will tell the story of spiritual rebirth in the conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus - another sign of the natural confusion that accompanies the upset of previously held understandings.

The temple cleansing is deeper in meaning than just the chasing out of some misguided, profit-making people. "Money changing" contrary to popular opinion had its roots in the sincere desire to keep secular images out of sacred worship space. Coins with images, particularly those of an emperor who had also declared himself to be god were unacceptable. Unfortunately, like so many practices that start out with pure intentions, money changers found along the way that they could also turn a profit, and so what was once done purely out of devotion for God had now taken on a seemier life of its own.

Even the space allotted to their practice was fraught with controversy. Under Herod the Great's new design the Temple included a public area open to all people, known as the Court of the Gentiles. It was actually a platform, three times larger than the Temple itself, and as the new agora, or marketplace it made it seem as though it was the real attraction, and that the Temple just happened to be located in the same area.

Furthermore, Josephus records that a dispute between Caiaphas the High Priest, and the Sanhedrin, the Jewish law court, had resulted in the court's meeting area being spitefully relocated near the place where the sacrificial animals were now bought and sold. Thus forcing them to argue their cases over the braying of animals, amidst the smells and dust of the stables and pens, adding insult to injury as to the value of justice in the house of the Lord.

Jesus' actions therefore are about reclaiming an old truth, even though they were seen then as proclaiming a new one. In all four gospels there is evidence based on the way the Romans previously handled even the slightest public demonstrations of protest, especially at the Temple, to believe that this event is a symbolic interpretation of what Jesus accomplished, more than an actual record of an angry messiah driving out corrupt forces from the Temple mount. Jesus stood for justice and overturned all misconceptions that there were alternative ways to treat it!

In John, most scenes have two levels of meaning - one immediate and one much deeper, and far more eternal. When Jesus says "destroy the temple and in three days I will build it up" - he means replace the concept of pleasing God with seasonal acts of piety as the center of your religion with a new, spiritual center that controls the focus of your entire life. Such thinking was revolutionary but not new, it was as old as Eden, but people struggled with that challenge to their thinking just as they do now.

All the gospels as well as modern commentators like Crossan agree that it was this attack on the Temple that determined the events leading up to Jesus' execution. John reminds us that in Psalm 69, verse 10 we are told that "Zeal for your house will consume me." For him it is a prophetic description of Jesus understanding of the importance of self-sacrifice in standing firm against injustice.

As the leader of a community of people who by the time this gospel was written were not only excluded from Jewish worship, but being actively pursued and persecuted by the ancestors of their faith, John is really saying:

"God's Temple, as it now stands is no longer viable for us as the dwelling place of God. Jesus will be the one in whom we find signs of God's presence with us still."

In fact John's gospel is the one that is so bold as to suggest that it is only through Jesus that we can find these signs, and have that relationship.

And that for John is God's justice complete!

Clearly the desire of the Johannine community was to become a fellowship based on relationships free from exploitation, and certainly John had a consuming zeal for his message. In later years, the Church he helped to establish seems to have developed a more particular habit of being against things - I mean the list is almost endless. In early times it was dancing, card playing, frivolous clothing, intimacy before marriage, unwed mothers, raffles and contraception. In more recent times it has been abortion, drugs, the death penalty, invitro fertilization, same sex unions, stem cell research and euthanasia.

When is the Church going to be noted for being FOR something? Jesus was stating quite forcefully that he was for the right of ordinary people to have free access to be in the presence of God. For this is what "Zeal for your house" means.

Tear this Temple down and rebuild it in three days? What was he thinking? First, they thought he meant the building, later that he was referring to his own mortal flesh. But what if he actually meant all of us…going through some physical transformation that begins with the realization that our old way of trying to get to God wasn't working…and all that in just three days?

Try to think what it would be like to be 46 years old. Most of us here will have no trouble remembering that. You would have been living for the same amount of time the Temple had been under construction at the time this event was taking place. Since Paul later tells us we can be the Temple where God resides, the place where Christ indwells, we should think about what it would mean to undo our first forty-six years of learning in just three days. Is it possible that Jesus can remake me in so short a time?

He can -- if those three days are Good Friday, Black Saturday, and Easter morning! Understanding the personal significance of the integrity of his life, the absoluteness of his sacrifice and death, and the victory of his resurrection are three days that can rebuild anyone's life!

Today is the 23rd anniversary of the death of Oscar Romero, the Archbishop of El Salvador who was gunned down at the altar while raising the chalice of Holy Communion. Being transformed by God in one's zeal for justice is a great threat.

From the beginning the mission of Jesus was very quickly opposed by those who had something to loose, and was quietly accepted by those who had nothing to loose. Even the demons and the evil spirits we're told, recognized who Jesus was immediately - and like the religious authorities - they were afraid and wanted to do away with him. "Power over other people" is never something to use for one's own personal gain. That is always the work of evil…no matter how sincere one may think they are!

By the time we get to chapter four in John, Jesus meets the Samaritan woman at the well and he tells her, "the hour is coming, and now is, when the true worshipers will worship God in spirit and truth, for such God seeks to worship him." Interestingly, it is this woman who first speaks of Jesus as possibly being the Messiah.

For me, in this time of war, Jesus' anger and Jesus' sadness must also be our own. Was not Jesus' righteous anger at the Temple because of its misuse of power? Here, the Temple, is an instrument ordained by God to bring blessing and peace to God's people, and instead, it was turned to serve the idols of power and economic greed. Is there not a parallel to what we are seeing perpetrated today?

Have we lost our "zeal for God's house"? Is it now become nothing more than self-serving projects and feel good faith? Is the commitment to serving God and serving others a thing of the past?

The first casualty of any war is the ability of the people of the Church to discuss it. We have been conditioned to believe that we should keep our religion and our politics separate, but our President has invoked God and God's liberty (which mean's God shares the responsibility for blood shed). He has also said that "those who are not for us are against us," a not so subtle perversion of what Jesus actually said.

We all stand under the severe judgment of the cross and we all stand in need of the depth of mercy the cross alone can give. How one defines that cross however makes all the difference…and appearances can be deceiving! I want to close with this illustration from another unfortunate war that cost so many, so much for what now seems so little.

The Rev. Charles Cook of Fayetteville, North Carolina served with the US Army. He tells the story of the day he arrived on a Boeing 707 in Vietnam. He writes "I noticed off the end of the runway a thousand little three-foot- wide depressions that I assumed to be craters caused by shelling. From a thousand feet up it looked as though the earth had small pox.

"Is that a minefield?" I asked. "No, they are graves.", said the senior NCO, "the Vietnamese Buddhists break the legs of their dead so that they can bury them sitting upright in the lotus position. Their graves are round."

Hearing the mechanical scrape as the landing gear deployed, I looked down upon my new home. "There's your minefield, over to the left", said the NCO. It was not what I expected. What I saw looked like a beautiful soccer field. All around our compound were the flattest and most verdant fields I had ever seen. They were as green and flat as the top of a billiard table.... a rich, moist greenness that begged to be massaged by bare toes, to be played on, to be marked off for a game of football. The only problem was that they were deadly fields…inviting fields but killing fields.

We are building the future of our faith. It is under construction. What will the end result be?

Pastoral Prayer:

Prayer for Peace with Iraq from the Iona Community

Lord of hope and compassion, Friend of Abraham Who called our father in faith to journey to a new future, We remember before you the country of Iraq from which he was summoned Ancient land of the Middle East, realm of the two rivers, Birthplace of great cities and of civilization itself.

May we who name ourselves children of Abraham, call to mind all the peoples of the Middle East who honor him as father. Those who guard and celebrate the Torah, those for whom the Word has walked on earth and lived among us, Those who follow their prophet, who listened for the word in the desert and shaped a community after what he heard.

Lord of reconciliation, God of the painful sacrifice uniting humankind we long for the day when you will provide for all the nations of the earth your blessing of peace. Now when strife and war are at hand, help us to see in each other a family likeness, our inheritance from our one father Abraham. Keep hatred from the threshhold of our hearts, and preserve within us a generous spirit which recognizes in both foe and friend a common humanity.

Keep us, O Lord, from actions, no matter how well intended, that hinder others from approaching you. Cleanse our lives through the power of your Spirit and write your commandments upon our hearts.

Today, O Lord, we pray for all who are the victims of war - we pray for those who have lost their innocence, for those who have lost their homes, for those who have been injured and maimed, for those who have lost a loved one. Bring, O God, your healing love to them. And may your Spirit of mercy and forgiveness inspire and lift up all who are in need of it. Raise up the humble, O God, and bring the prideful to their senses. Hear our prayers too O God for those we name before you in our hearts. This we ask in the name of the one who came to offer us the costly gift of abundant life.

The Benediction:

Go in peace; - And may the love of God uphold you - the mercy of God sustain you - and the Word of God direct you The Lord bless you all - both now and forevermore. Amen